Showing posts with label chinese idiom. Show all posts
Showing posts with label chinese idiom. Show all posts

Monday, July 15, 2019

One kind word can warm three winter months | Japanese proverb?

Melt the snow with the warmth of words of kindness   


What Does It Mean? 


One kind word can warm three winter months means that well-chosen words of sympathy or encouragement can help a person overcome difficulties or obstacles, even those causing substantial problems.

It might be true ... but where does it come from?


Is It Really A japanese Proverb?


It is popularly known in the English-speaking world as a Japanese proverb. But is it really a Japanese saying? 

Actually, "One kind word can warm three winter months" is not a Japanese saying at all, there is no saying like it in Japanese, and no Japanese person would have heard of it or anything similar to it in Japanese. 

Instead, it is based on a Chinese saying. 

The actual Chinese saying is:
 

好言一句三冬暖,恶语伤人六月寒


iáng yán yijù sandong nuan, èyu shangrén liùyuè hán 

which can be translated as: 

"A kind word warms for three winter months, while vile talk wounds like bitter cold in June."

This sounds more rhythmic and symmetrical in the Chinese which reads more like:

kind words - winter - warm -- harsh words - summer - cold


The Origins


The Chinese saying comes from the compilation text  增廣賢文 (Zengguan xianwen) which can be translated generally as "Enlarged Writings of Worthies" being an expanded version of earlier texts such as 昔時賢文 (Xishi xianwen) or "Writings of worthies from ancient times". 

There were a number of different versions of this text which was designed to be used as part of primary or elementary education to instill a solid moral grounding for those Chinese children who had access to education. 

This was done by including aphorisms, proverbs, popular sayings and famous quotations, mostly focusing on daily life, social relationships, and patterns of decent behaviour.

It was written in symmetrical, rhymed pairs of sentences to be easier for children (and adults) to grasp and remember, which indicates the poetic nature of the original Chinese saying. 

After many hundred years of use it became particularly popular in the late Qing period in the 1800s. 


Extended Meaning


The meaning of "A kind word warms for three winter months, while vile talk wounds like bitter cold in June" extends beyond words themselves to focus on attitudes from which words emerge. 

At its most basic it means that a good word can make people warm like a fire in the cold winter, while a bad word can hurt people and make them cold like snowing in summer. 

Beyond this the saying also calls for a positive and good-hearted attitude which is geared towards giving positive hints or encouragement so that others can get the power to overcome difficulties and keep making progress. 

Along with this, it also points to how a negative mentality and attitude, and the words which can emerge from this, can make others suffer from this negativity and become unmotivated and discouraged, retreat, and languish. 


English equivalents


Some biblical equivalents include the focus on the positive possibilities of words by Solomon in Proverbs 25:11 - "A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in settings of silver". 

This sentiment is continued in Proverbs 15:23 - "A man takes joy in a fitting reply, and how good is a timely word!"

A focus on attitude as a prelude to words can be seen in Luke 6:45 - "A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of."


Other relevant quotes include:


"Kind words are a creative force, a power that concurs in the building up of all that is good, and energy that showers blessings upon the world." - Lawrence G. Lovasik

"Our words should be purrs instead of hisses."- Kathrine Palmer Peterson

"Words are potent weapons for all causes, good or bad."- Manly Hall

"Words are the most powerful thing in the universe... Words are containers. They contain faith, or fear, and they produce after their kind."- Charles Capps

Wednesday, August 1, 2012

wǔ yán liù sè 五颜六色

wǔ yán liù sè 五颜六色

multi-colored; every color under the sun

wǔ = 5
yán = face
liù = 6
sè = color, look, appearance

yán sè = color

Originally the term 'color' (yán sè) referred to the color of a person's face before later being adapted to mean color in general.

Sunday, February 27, 2011

指鹿为马 zhǐ lù wéi mǎ

指鹿为马 zhǐ lù wéi mǎ

to call a stag a horse; to confuse right and wrong; to talk black into white

[call a stag a horse—deliberately misrepresent]
Early into the reign of Qin Ershi 秦二世, the second Qin emperor, there was an insidious and treacherous Prime Minister named Zhao Gao 赵高. By the time Qin Ershi had ascended to the throne, he had usurped much of the real power of the royal court.

Greedy people are never content. He wanted to further consolidate his power and wanted to depose Qin Ershi while his grip on the throne was still weak. Zhao Gao’s goal was to become emperor himself.

He wanted to test the waters before he attempted a coup, so he devised a clever test to see where the other ministers stood.

One day, when Qin Ershi had all of his officials present with him, Zhao Gao presented a gift to the Emperor. “Your Majesty, I wish to present you with this fine horse”.

“Horse? What horse? That’s a stag, not a horse!” Qin Ershi exclaimed. “How can you call that animal a horse?!”

“But Your Majesty, I assure you, it is indeed a horse,” answered Zhao Gao.

“That’s absurd! Since when did horses grow antlers?” retorted the Emperor.

“This is a horse. But why don’t we ask our illustrious ministers to identify this fine beast. Gentlemen, is this a stag or a horse?”

Attitudes among these officials varied. Some wanted Zhao Gao’s favor, “Oh, it is definitely a horse!” Others were too cowardly to say anything. Some honest ministers saw through the Prime Minister’s intentions, disagreed and said, “No! It is a stag!”

Now that Zhao Gao knew who supported him, he went on a campaign to discredit the honest officials and removed them from power, one by one. These ministers eventually became so fearful of him that it was no problem for him to have someone assassinate Qin Ershi.

Now, the idiom, 指鹿为马 means to intentionally mix up facts, by calling good “bad” and bad “good”. It means to intentionally and maliciously to confuse truth with fiction.

Saturday, February 26, 2011

望梅止渴 (wang mei zhi ke)

望梅止渴 (wang mei zhi ke)

"quenching thirst by watching plums"

(comfort oneself by idle dreams)

Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms period (220-265) was not only a capable politician in managing state affairs, but also a strategist good at leading troops in going to war.


One summer, Cao Cao was leading his troops in a punitive expedition against Zhang Xiu. It was extraordinarily hot. The burning sun was like a fire, and the sky was cloudless. The soldiers were walking on the winding mountain paths. The dense forest and the hot rocks exposed to the sun on both sides of the paths made the soldiers feel suffocated. By noontime the soldiers' clothes were wet through with sweat, and the marching speed slowed down. Some solders of weak physique even fainted on the roadside.

Seeing that the marching speed was slower and slower, Cao Cao was very worried because he feared that he might bungle the chance of winning the battle. But how could they quicken their speed? Cao Cao at once called the guide and asked him on the quiet whether there was a source of water nearby. The guide shook his head, saying that the spring water was on the other side of the mountain, which was very far to have to make a detour to reach. Cao Cao realized that time didn't permit them to make such a detour. After thinking for a moment, he said to the guide, "Keep quiet. I'll find a way out." He knew that it would be to no avail to order his troops to quicken the steps. He had a brain wave and found a good solution. He spurred his horse and came to the head of the column. Pointing his horsewhip to the front, Cao Cao said, "Soldiers, I know there is a big forest of plums ahead. The plums there are both big and delicious. let's hurry along, and we will reach the forest of plums after bypassing this hill." When the solders heard this, they immediately slobbered. Picturing in their minds the sweet and sour flavour of the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums themselves. Their morale greatly boosted, the soldiers quickened their steps a great deal automatically.

This story comes from "The Fake Tangery" in Anecdotes of This World by Liu Yiqing of the Southern Dynasties period (420-589). From this story, people have derived the set phrase "quenching thirst by watching plums" to refer to trying to comfort oneself by idle dreams.

Saturday, February 19, 2011

佛争一柱香,人争一口气

佛争一柱香,人争一口气

fó zhēng yī zhù xiāng ,rén zhēng yī kǒu qì

(english translation coming) (Buddha has incense business man attached to money)

路遥知马力,日久见人心

路遥知马力,日久见人心

lù yáo zhī mǎ lì,rì jiǔ jiàn rén xīn

As distance tests a horse's strength, so time reveals a person's heart

Wednesday, February 16, 2011

狗咬吕洞宾,不识好人心

狗咬吕洞宾,不识好人心

gǒu yǎo lǚ dòng bīn, bu shí hǎo​​ rén xīn

The goodness of a person is of no consequence to the ungrateful.

translation = "A dog biting Lu Dongbin / not being able to recognize a kind-hearted man"

八仙过海 bā xiān guò hǎi

八仙过海 bā xiān guò hǎi

Like the Eight Immortals crossing the sea, each one showing his or her special prowess


八仙的故事 (The story of the Eight Immortals)

The Eight Immortals

Lu Dongbin 吕洞宾
He Xiangu 何仙姑
Cao Guojiu 曹国舅
Han Xiangzi韩湘子
Tieguai Li 铁拐李
Lan Caihe 蓝采和
Zhang Guolao 张果老
Han Zhongli 汉锺离

女大十八变 nǚ dà shí bā biàn

女大十八变 (simplified, Pinyin nǚ dà shí bā biàn, traditional 女大十八變)

Literally: The eighteen changes of a grown woman.

All of the changes that a girl makes when turning into a woman; blossom into womanhood


小时候,徐妈妈对自己这个难看的小女儿十分失望。但是,女大十八变,小S如今已经成为亭亭玉立的小天鹅。

When she was small, momma Xu was thoroughly distressed about her own daughter's homely appearance. But after having blossomed into womanhood, Little S has become a statuesque little swan.

* 2005: Ma Chiyuan (马驰原), http://book.sina.com.cn 新浪读书 (sina.com literature page)

红颜祸水 Hong(3) Yan(2) Huo(4) Shui(3)

红 颜 祸 水 Hong(3) Yan(2) Huo(4) Shui(3)

Women are the root of trouble. /No war without a woman./ Women are the snares of Satan./Women are the devil's nets.

Monday, January 17, 2011

A butcher becomes a Budda

fàng xià tú dāo,lì dì chéng fó

放下屠刀 立地成佛

the butcher who lays down his cleaver, at once becomes a Buddha

a butcher becomes a Buddha the moment he drops his cleaver; a wrongdoer achieves salvation as soon as he gives up evil.

lay down butcher's knife, become a Buddha on the spot (idiom); instant rehabilitation / to repent and be absolved of one's crimes

Thursday, January 13, 2011

Thirty years east bank, thirty years west bank

三十年河东三十年河西

(san shi nian he dong san shi nian he si)
  • Literally: Thirty years the east bank, thirty years the west bank.
  • Meaning: One's luck and one's destiny will change over time

Tuesday, October 19, 2010

刻舟求剑 Kè Zhōu Qiú Jiàn


In Chinese, there are many expressions to describe people who have got themselves into a rut, and who insist on strictly adhering to a precedent, even when it has been rendered obsolete by a change in circumstances.

One of the most vivid of these idioms is Kè Zhou Qiú Jiàn, literally meaning “to mark the boat to try to find the lost sword,” with “Zhou” being an old word for boat and “Jian” translating as “sword.”

The story behind this idiom, “Ke Zhou Qiu Jian,” is popular even among children who have just started their schooling, so we hope it’s popular with you too.

SHANSHAN: A man from the ancient State of Chu was carrying a sword while crossing a river on a ferryboat. When the ferry got to the middle of the river, the man was so intoxicated by the scenery that he forgot to take care of his much treasured sword, and with a slip of the hand, it dropped into the river. (the splash of water) He quickly took out a knife from his pocket and cut a mark on the gunwale of the boat.

“This is where my sword slipped overboard,” he murmured to himself, before stepping aside, much relieved.
The ferry sailed on and soon arrived at the dock on the opposite bank. As soon as the boat has anchored, the man jumped into the river at the point where he had made his mark.

“What is he doing?” His strange behavior puzzled his fellow passengers.

The man soon emerged from the water, commenting, “Strange. The sword dropped at the exact point where I marked the boat, so how come can’t I find it?”

Of course he failed to find his sword — The boat had moved far away from the point where he had originally dropped his sword.

From that fable comes the idiom Kè Zhou Qiú Jiàn.

The term is used to mock those who are sticklers for adhering to old models.

Things are constantly moving on, just like the boat in the story. Anyone who rigidly sticks to the old way of doing things may end up behaving as foolishly as the man who Kè Zhou Qiú Jiàn.

It also reminds me of a fashionable phrase that has quite the opposite meaning to "Ke Zhou Qiu Jian". The phrase is "Keep up with the times", a phrase which anybody living in fast-changing Beijing would do well to heed.

对牛弹琴 Duì Niú Tán Qín - To Play the Lute to an Ox


对牛弹琴 Duì Niú Tán Qín - To Play the Lute to an Ox

In ancient times, there lived a musician named Gong Mingyi. He was very good at playing the Zheng, a plucked string instrument. But he also behaved foolishly sometimes.

One day, he saw a cow grazing in the field near his house. He was inspired by the scene and ran outside to play a tune for the cow. "He must be interested in my music!" Gong Mingyi played beautifully and even he himself was intoxicated by the music.

Yet the cow paid no heed to these elegant sounds. (mouth sound) It simply focused its attention on eating the pleasant grass. "What's wrong with you, cow!" he yelled. Gong Mingyi was surprised to see this. He couldn't understand why the cow was so indifferent to his performance.

Was his performance boring? Not at all! The cow neither understood nor appreciated his elegant music!

From that story comes the idiom Duì Niú Tán Qín 对牛弹琴. Niu means Cow or bull, whereas Tan Qin, means to play a musical instrument.

(perhaps similar to: casting pearls before swine)

狐假虎威 - Hu2 jia3 hu3 wei1 - The fox borrows the tiger's terror

(Tiger's Fierceness Stolen by a Fox)

Once there was a Tiger (Hu) who caught a Fox (Hu). Just when the Tiger wanted to eat the Fox, the Fox started to laugh and said, 'How dare you? I am the king of the jungle!' The Tiger was baffled and replied, 'Who has heard of a Fox being the king of the jungle?' The Fox replied, 'If you don't believe me, follow me into the jungle. I will show you how all animals are afraid of me.' As the Tiger followed the Fox into the jungle, he was surprised to find that all the animals started to run for their lives. Actually, the animals ran from the Tiger instead of the Fox, but the Tiger did not know that. The Tiger apologized to the Fox and let him go free.

Applications: This phrase is often used to describe people who oppress others, using the authority of their superiors.

Relying on another’s power to bully or frighten others.